The Human Age Manpower Essay Example

The Human Age Manpower Essay We produce power by associating: †¢ the dreams of customers, †¢ the inspirations of individuals, †¢ and what’s now and what’s next in the World of Work. The World of Work inclines that we’ve recognized are foundationalâ€they’re essential to how we act, where we contribute and where we center our idea administration. 3 Navigating the Changing World of Work Manpower’s quest for conveying inventive high-sway workforce answers for improve the intensity of the associations and the people we serve is secured in what we know. In light of our neighborhood aptitude and worldwide arrive at we realize that there is an expanding speed of progress happening each day in the manner work is performed. We have recognized four megatrends affecting the World of Work. We didn’t unearth these patterns, yet investigated them with serious interest. The Demographics and Talent Mismatch is the problem that the two people and organizations are feeling at this moment. As the working age populace decays and organizations are searching for ability, they’re glancing in a substantially more explicit way, yet people are likewise being increasingly particular when they can. Singular Choice is sneaking in at every possible opportunity. People are practicing their decision as they understand they have the ability to pick or against a given activity, which thus is expecting organizations to ponder how they pull in, hold and remain pertinent to an ever select gathering of gifted people. Rising Customer Sophistication is occurring no matter how you look at it. The straightforwardness and speed of data trade all through the whole worth chain is making advancement and strain at each level inside that chain. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Human Age Manpower explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on The Human Age Manpower explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on The Human Age Manpower explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Mechanical Revolutions are at the core of practically the entirety of this. Having the ability to change where, when and how we work, empowering associations and people to be increasingly nimble and inventive is going on every day and we’ve just observed a glimpse of something larger. The World of Work patterns are foundationalâ€they’re basic to how we act, where we contribute and where we center our idea authority. They are drivers of mainstream development at the center of our business just as in our claim to fame zones and outcomebased arrangements. It is our grip of these patterns that gives us the certainty that we are tending to our customers and competitors with genuine arrangements †arrangements that are down to earth, versatile and adaptable. Exploring the Changing World of Work 4 Demographics 5 Navigating the Changing World of Work and Talent Mismatch Demographic and monetary movements are quickening the ability jumble. The strain to locate the correct aptitudes in the perfect spot at the opportune time will increment as working age populaces decrease, economies bounce back, developing markets rise, and the idea of work shifts. Exploring the Changing World of Work 6 Teachable Fit As the ability crisscross develops increasingly extreme, the â€Å"teachable fit† is a down to earth structure that gets essential to ability strategyâ€and bosses need an ability technique that stays aware of business system, however quickens it. 7 Navigating the Changing World of Work The downturn has illuminated ability gracefully and the executives around the globe. Joblessness is diligently high in created and even in many creating nations, yet associations overall report trouble filling key positions. There are insufficient adequately gifted individuals in the correct spots at the correct occasions. All the while, managers are looking for always explicit ranges of abilities and mixes of aptitudes that will help drive the association forward. Managers are likewise confronting progressing, foundational ability shortagesâ€such as those in the medicinal services and vitality industriesâ€are not going to fill the holes each recruit in turn. Rather, they should recalibrate their outlooks to consider competitors who may not meet the entirety of the activity particulars, yet whose ability holes can be filled in an ideal and costeffective manner. The way to progress with this new outlook is the capacity to recognize a Teachable Fit â€Å"teachable fit. † â€Å"Teachable fit† is an idea that centers around four inquiries: †¢ What abilities are fundamental to playing out the activity? †¢ Which of these are workable in an effective manner? †¢ Is there satisfactory time and cash to build up these capacities in the up-and-comer? †¢ Do up-and-comers have the ability to create them? In any issue of supplydemand awkwardness, businesses have two choices: to wait for the ideal up-and-comer or locate the â€Å"teachable fit. The emphasis here is on expanding the gracefully by changing the employer’s outlook with respect to wellsprings of accessible ability. To fill huge and foundational ability holes, four potential work pools are promising: area vagrants, industry transients, inside job changers and workforce contestants. Area transients. The worldwide workforce is moving, and applicants might be happy to migrate for workâ€especially when the downturn facilitates. Be that as it may, businesses are as yet figuring out how to benefit from this pattern, while numerous administrations are as yet uncertain about whether or how to encourage gainful work movement. Three-fourths of laborers said they’d consider moving for a superior opening for work, 33% said they’d be eager to consider migrating anyplace on the planet, and Navigating the Changing World of Work 8 Teachable Fit 40 percent said they’d consider moving for all time. Industry vagrants. A few businesses are cutting their workforces, while others are becoming quicker than the ability flexibly. Consider the ability accessible in low-development ventures that can move into new fields. A portion of these individuals may have exceptionally esteemed skillsâ€such s those in deals, money, and managementâ€that need interpretation to another industry. Others may have abilities neighboring developing needsâ€such as experts and field support†Growing Industries ? Training ? Human services ? Proficient Business Services Shrinking Industries ? Mining - 1. 5 ?Manufacturing ? Utilities - 1. 0 - 0. 5 0 ?Other Services ? Discount Retail Trade ? Government 0. 5 1. 0 1. 5 2. 0 2. 5 Average yearly pace of progress (%) 3. 0 3. 5 9 Navigating the Changing World of Work Teachable Fit and require increasingly broad preparing to connect aptitudes holes. Inner job changers. Frequently the best wellspring of â€Å"new† ability is the individuals as of now in your companyâ€if your association has the prescience and capacity to redeploy them into various jobs or even vocations. Workforce participants. The underemployed and underskilled are another expected pool, particularly as nearby legislative organizations and others move to assist them with preparing and different projects to empower their change into the workforce. Preparing and improvement are the keys to effectively taking advantage of the ability pools recorded above, particularly among the last three gatherings. This is the place the idea of â€Å"teachable fit† comes in. At the point when businesses can’t discover competitors with the full scope of aptitudes required for specific positions, they can enroll applicants who have nearby abilities with an eye toward filling the holes in their capacities. The significant point here is to see how usable those holes areâ€both as far as specialized aptitudes and up-and-comer mindsetsâ€and at what cost. â€Å"Teachable fit† is a functional system that can foresee how effectively a candidate’s abilities holes can be filled. The system is a diagnostic instrument that maps the capacities required for a given job against an individual’s probability of addressing those necessities. The capacities are separated into four gatherings: Navigating the Changing World of Work 10 Teachable Fit Knowledge of business or scholastic orders or enterprises. Formal or unequivocal information comes through investigation and is affirmed by scholastic degrees and business affirmations. Casual or unsaid information comes through understanding and relationship with proficient associates. The key here is to perceive the significance of implicit information and the methods for accomplishing it. Abilities including both â€Å"hard† aptitudes (e. g. , specialized or authoritative 11 Navigating the Changing World of Work aptitudes) and â€Å"soft† abilities (e. . , compromise or key reasoning). Abilities will in general be applied and even minded. They are procured through training and develop with understanding. Hard abilities can be affirmed by affirmation or apprenticeship. It is imperative to perceive the significance of delicate aptitudes, as opposed to concentrating just on competitor evaluations on the simpler to-quantify hard abilities. Qualities and Mindset speak to what an individual looks for throughout everyday life and on the jobâ€one’s demeanor toward work. These are uncovered through both discussion and conduct and are generally hard to shape. They are likewise abilities related with occupations. A few occupations require more day-in-day-out activity and selfmanagement than others. A few employments rely upon ceaseless learning and adjustment. The key here is to perceive these significant attributes when characterizing the activity prerequisites. Character and Intelligence are fundamental qualities. Some Teachable Fit individuals are normally friendly and sympathetic and in this way regular fits for client assistance jobs; others are the inverse. A few jobs depend intensely on investigative knowledge, others on union or inventiveness, others on passionate insight and numerous on

Exemplary of the kinds of arguments made by realist, liberal and Essay

Praiseworthy of the sorts of contentions made by pragmatist, liberal and basic scholars of International Politics - Essay Example The liberal scholars accept that there ought to be uniformity for all, while basic scholars fundamentally dissect the systems deciding universal governmental issues. The liberal scholars accept that the offices and amusement offered in the Olympic Games ought to be accessible and available to all the segments of the intrigued network. They accept that the way that the arranging council has saved a few highlights solely for the competitors and sponsors’ agents just is uncalled for and ought to be accessible to neighborhood network also. (Boykoff and Tomlinson, 2012) The dissidents have contended the way that since the beginning of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in the 1890’s (known as some other relationship around then) was shaped as a body comprising of elites just which included masters and rulers, and these were the individuals who might cast a ballot and choose the destiny of the Olympics. This procedure at that point began to remember more partners for t his dynamic body yet at the same time just a chosen few that is the enormous agents who might control the business part of the games. Indeed, even today, the democratic procedure isn't totally unprejudiced and the votes have been supposedly to be one-sided with the assistance of pay off and different advantages to countries who include in such debasement. Other than this, the safety efforts taken to ensure the Olympic Games includes tremendous costs which will have enormous financial expenses just as mental ones. The military fighters sent in London in zones close to the Olympic setting even surpasses the quantity of British officers conveyed in Afghanistan. This features the way that local people have not been treated as equivalents in light of the fact that most of these warriors are sent for the security of competitors and organizers’ agents and not local people. The pragmatist scholars can introduce a contention to this as per their convictions. The pragmatists contend th at the security of the country and for this situation, the security of London is significantly more significant to benefit the country than conveying more soldiers to Afghanistan. Sending more soldiers to Afghanistan will profit the world in general by battling the fear mongers and keeping them at their home as opposed to letting them go into their nations for psychological militant assaults. Then again, the troopers conveyed in London for the security of the Olympic games is substantially more critical to the country as it has higher stakes connected to the validity of England and London to host such a significant and lofty occasion. Since the notoriety, infusion of funds and sightseers, and validity of the country and British government was appended to these games, it is just fitting that the safety efforts are taken to benefit the nation itself. Since the pragmatist hypothesis accepts that personal circumstance must be the main goal, for this situation the security of the country is progressively significant as personal responsibility needs to take need. (Dowling, 2012) The pragmatists likewise contend that in the event of an airborne hit with the assistance of a ground-to-air rocket, there might be some harm caused to the occupants living in the territory where the occurrence happens. Be that as it may, the harm brought about by this will be inadvertent blow-back and one that can't be stayed away from or rather ought not be given the way that this blow-back will be considerably less looked at

What is Software Engineering and Its Characteristics

What is Software Engineering and Its Characteristics Hello there, in this blog you will get knowledge about what is software engineering and its features. It is a systematic form by which specific types of application for an Electronic (Devices) technology are from Design, Development, Implementation, Testing, and Maintenance. The term Software Engineering was first used at the NATO Software Engineering Conference in 1968, which was then used at the time. It evolved to solve the software crisis of that era and after that, it grows into a form of business in which high-quality software develops that is cheap, fast-moving, and easily maintained. Software engineering comprises of two words, i.e., software+engineering= software engineering. Software Summary SoftwareEngineeringSoftware engineeringDefinitionCharacteristicsImportanceDiminishes complexityTo limit software costTo diminish time Efficiency Dealing with big venturesEducation and career opportunities for Software EngineerConclusion The software in the broadest sense is a lot of directions or projects educating a PC to do a particular task. It is a common term to depict PC programs. Contents, applications, programs, and a lot of instructions are regularly used to explain the software. Engineering Engineering is the way toward using information and standards to design, construct, and examine objects. It is a vital component for most things that require development and has a few parts of the educational field, which creates expertise in civil, electrical, mechanical, and chemical. Besides, a few areas have such an extreme interest in engineering that includes projects which deal with engineering only. Software engineering Software engineering or Programming designing is a building branch related to the improvement of software item utilizing characterized scientific standards, techniques, and methods. The result of programming designing is an effective and solid programming item. Software engineering includes various fields that spread the way toward building programming and qualification including necessities gathering, plan, development, upkeep, programming designing management, programming designing models and strategies, programming quality, programming designing proficient practices just as necessary figuring and scientific and designing examination. There is a software engineering institute (SEI) which works with corporates, engineers, education system, and government foundation. It helps in the improvement of the effectiveness of the task and process of software engineering and reports to the computer emergency response system (CERT). Definition According to IEEE (Institute of electrical and electronics engineers), software engineering is defined as the application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software. According to Fritz Bauer, a German computer scientist, ‘ Software engineering is the establishment and use of sound engineering principles in order to obtain economically software that is reliable and works efficiently on real machines.’ Characteristics It is training in designing work, It involves the building of qualitative and useful software at moderate costs and Programming designing offers work-related assignment and apparatuses for all software building stages. Importance Diminishes complexity Enormous programming projects are always critical and hard to create. Programming designing has an incredible answer to reduce the problematic nature of any task. Programming designing partitions big issues into a few little issues. And after that, begin tackling every little issue one by one. All these little issues solved freely to one another. To limit software cost Programming requires a great deal of hard work and software designers are generously reputed profession with excellent perks. In addition, a bunch of manpower is always required to create programming with a large number of codes. Yet, in programming designing, software engineers plan everything and decrease each one of those things that are not required. Thus, the cost for programming preparations turns out to be less. When we contrast with any product that does not utilize software engineering methodology. To diminish time Anything that isnt made by the arrangement dependably sits around idly. Whats more, if you are making huge programming, at that point, you may need to run much code to get a definitive running code. This is a very tedious procedure and if it isnt all around overseen, at that point this can take a great deal of time. So if you are making your product as indicated by software engineering methodology, at that point it will diminish a great deal of time. Efficiency Efficiency comes when anything has made according to the predetermined standards. Programming models are the huge focal point of organizations to make it increasingly successful. So Programming turns out to be increasingly successful in execution with the assistance of programming engineering. Dealing with big ventures Vast activities are not made in a couple of days and they require loads of tolerance, arranging, and the board. Whats more, to contribute six and seven months of any organization, it requires bunches of arranging, heading, testing, and support. Nobody can say that he has given four months of the organization to the undertaking and the program is still in its first stage. Since the organization has given numerous assets to the activities and it ought to be finished. So to deal with massive undertakings with no issue, the organization needs to go for this approach. Education and career opportunities for Software Engineer There are two primary parts of software engineering. Applications software specialists make and keep up PC applications. In fact, System programming specialists evaluate specialized needs division of the office and make or keep up fitting frameworks. Setting up and keeping up intranet frameworks would fall under their degree. Programming engineers regularly hold at least a bachelor degree. A master is fundamental for certain positions. It is an ongoing and growing field even during the recession period. Conclusion From the valuation, you know about software engineering and its characteristics or importance. In fact by reading this article, you know about the scope of software engineering course. In contrast, If you find any difficulty in writing software engineering assignments, you can take Software Engineering Assignment Help from our experts and they all are available for help 24*7.

Power By Mary Shelley s Frankenstein Essay - 1471 Words

Social V.S. Individual Power Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein brings into question the idea of power. Throughout the novel, power is presented in different forms ranging from the power of feeling to the power of desire. Victor Frankenstein, the main character, creates an ideal power by combining and creating the perfect concept for it in relation to his perfect world. Victor’s power allows him to obtain all the things that he wants in his life. Unfortunately, after bringing his monstrous creation into the world, the power that Frankenstein held was taken from him. Why did the power that was created by Frankenstein leave him after the birth of his creation? According to Terry M. Thompson, the reason is because the father-son relationship that should have been established between the creator and creation was not met, therefore making the creation declare â€Å"everlasting war...against he who had formed me†(121). By comparing the relationship between Victor and the creation to that of King A rthur and his son, Thompson argues that the absence of the bond between parent and child is what makes Frankenstein powerless in the end. On the other hand, Haidee Kotze reasons that the elimination of desire is what prompts Frankenstein to lose the power he had. Kotzee discusses the use of female characters and the desire for them is what drives the ambition in both Frankenstein and the creation.Without the presence of either, however, there is no power structure evident. From the evidenceShow MoreRelatedJuxtaposition Of Power By Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1125 Words   |  5 Pages Juxtaposition of Power Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein primarily focuses on Victor and his monster, but women also play a part. There are three major female figures in the novel; the housekeeper for the Frankenstein family: Justine, Victor’s â€Å"adopted cousin† and later wife: Elizabeth, and the never completed female monster. To both Victor and the monster woman are desired objects that offer comfort and companionship, but as the novel goes on, women become targets for revenge. This goes to showRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein - The Power Of Knowledge1013 Words   |  5 PagesSean Dwello Mrs. Marr AP Literature 2 October 2015 The Power of Knowledge The idea that the pursuit of knowledge brings about consequences is one that appears in Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein. With this particular piece, the concept that knowledge brings about negative repercussions is a primary theme. However, it is the inability to obtain absolute awareness of a situation that leads to a person’s disgruntlement. In regard to the text, Dr. Victor Frankenstein’s initial obsession with creatingRead MoreThe Consequences Of Technology On Mary Shelley s Frankenstein Essay1703 Words   |  7 PagesThe Consequences of Technology Revealed in Shelley s Frankenstein In Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, written in the late nineteenth century, the author proposes that knowledge and technology can be dangerous to individuals and all of humanity. Frankenstein was one of the first cautionary tales about scientific research. Shelley s novel offers profound insight of the consequences of morally insensitive scientific and technological research. Learn from me. . . at least by my exampleRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein And The Modern Prometheus1342 Words   |  6 Pageswritten. But there is no doubt in the connection of the Greek God Prometheus and Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, as the title of the book states: Frankenstein, or the modern Prometheus. Shelley made sure that the readers knew that Frankenstein is to be seen as the modern Prometheus, and all things in her book connect Frankenstein to the Greek God that shaped Humanity. In this essay is stated that Frankenstein is indeed as Shelley meant, the modern Prometheus. Reasoning behind this is of how Frankenstein’sRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein And The Modern Prometheus912 Words   |  4 Pagesrefer to Mary Shelley s masterpiece Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus as a starting point to drive the question: what it means to be human. Mary Shelley s Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus suggests the possibility of reconstructing a broader approach towards scientific discovery by portraying the dangers of blindly pursuing scientific knowledge done so by the modern Prometheus that is Victor Frankenstein. Thomas Vargish in Technology and Impotence in Mary Shelley s Frankenstein statesRead MoreFrankenstein And Nature’S Love. From Stupendous Glaciers1053 Words   |  5 PagesFrankenstein and Nature’s Love From stupendous glaciers to rolling green hills, there is no denying that Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein captures nature’s most majestic and extraordinary sights. There is also no denying that nature’s enchantment and beauty surrounds Frankenstein’s intense plot. Hence, the sublime alpine ecosystem where Frankenstein takes place has a great impact on the characters of the novel. As she wrote Frankenstein, Mary Shelley also experienced a magnificent and grand environmentRead MoreMary Shelley ´s Frankenstein; Or, the Modern Prometheus, an Analysis of the Subtitle1219 Words   |  5 Pageschanged everything? â€Å"I will pioneer a new way, explore unknown powers, and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of creation.† (Shelley 37). Ab initio Victor Frankenstein, the main protagonist, is being put on a level with Prometheus through the subtitle. An indication that Mary Shelley did indeed have the myth in mind as she wrote the novel, is not only he r subtitle, but moreover the parallels between the Prometheus myth and Frankenstein, which are undeniable. The title itself gives a lot away ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein 1527 Words   |  7 PagesShelley s narrative is seen to symbolize romantic fears, offering a tale of certain demise, one that gives technology negative connotations in the form of the creature whom is represented as an outcast of society. To emphasise this, the sublime settings in the text, provide a space where the marginalised can be heard, however, for in contrast to the power of beauty which works to contain and maintain social distinctions, the sublime in Frankenstein opens the way for the excluded to challenge theRead MoreFrankenstein: Technology1728 Words   |  7 PagesFrankenstein: Technology In Frankenstein or The Modern Prometheus, written in the late nineteenth century by Mary Shelley, Shelley proposes that knowledge and its effects can be dangerous to individuals and all of humanity. Frankenstein was one of our first and still is one of our best cautionary tales about scientific research.. Shelleys novel is a metaphor of the problems technology is causing today. Learn from me. . . at least by my example, how dangerous is the acquirement of knowledgeRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein As A Gothic Novel1042 Words   |  5 Pages Mary shelley uses Spooky castles, mystery, and suspense: these are all elements of a Gothic novel. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein was written in the early 19th century, the novel certainly contains many components of a Gothic novel. Shelley uses various literary devices to support the element of a supernatural event, dreams, emotions, and metonymy of gloom, which classify Frankenstein as a Gothic novel. Immediately after Frankenstein’s supernatural creation, Victor’s

Punishment Vs Classical Criminology - 1745 Words

Criminal Justice Theory Introduction Crime has existed in the society from time immemorial. Different cultures have dealt with it differently. While some have adopted very cruel, inhumane, and creative ways of punishment, others have chosen a relatively fair system of justice. Nevertheless, each system has had and served its purpose in fulfilling a given role in the society they are established. The classical criminology as envisioned by Bentham and Beccaria in the 1700’s and 1800’s has been the foundation upon which the modern criminal system is based on. While very many changes have been made to it, its core principles have remained to date and continue to influence how law and crime relate to each other. Importantly, religion has†¦show more content†¦Modern criminology finds it â€Å"out of favor† due to its â€Å"get tough† drive supported by mass imprisonment. While classical criminology theoretical proponents were seen as being subjective on the psychological, sociological, cul tural, and structural explanations, modern perspective on criminology proposes integrated perceptual and structural models that offer a more extensive range of variables at different levels of analysis (Clyne, 2016). Classical theory proponents were perceived as being reductionists and simplistic in a manner that emphasized on the advantages of crime commission through cost as depicted in the payoff systems as compared to the imprisonment option. Perhaps that was the reason they were regarded as being meaningless while at the same time extensive in their instrument. Modern criminology refuses to identify specific factors to crime commission and instead argue that the commission of a crime is a result of many other varying factors that lead up to the final act of commission. Contemporarily, there different perceptual and structural models that define and guide offending which helps in creating a wide range of variables in the way crime is committed and how it should be addressed. Religion and Rationality on Mutually Exclusiveness The answer as to whether religion and rationality have to be mutually exclusive is no. This is because of religion, as a belief and value system relies on its followers Show MoreRelatedClassicalism vs. Positivism1546 Words   |  7 PagesClassicalism vs. Positivism What is crime? What makes people commit crimes and how can we stop it? These, and many other questions similar to these, are asked by criminologists everyday. Criminology is an ever growing field, mainly because there is more and more research occurring and new theories linking people and crime coming out everyday. Below the main field of criminology there are many subfields that have different theories and philosophies on what they believe link criminal behaviorRead MoreThe Classical School Of Thought1327 Words   |  6 Pagesinclude the positivist vs. the classical schools of thought, changes in our understandings of what causes victimisation over time, official vs. unofficial data and the different definitions of crime. These concepts show how the discovery of the victim and the shift in focus from the offender to the offence from the past 30 years has changed the understandings of what the reasoning behind what causes crime. The positivist vs. the classical schools of thought: Modern Criminology is made up of two mainRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System1700 Words   |  7 Pagescriminal behaviour. In the 18th century criminologists such as Jeremy Bentham, Cesare Bonesana-Beccaria and Cesare Lombroso all established criminological theories, in an attempt to achieve this goal. The most influential theories are known as the Classical and Positivist perspectives. Both of these theories have had a long-term influence on the current Criminal Justice System. Which were so significant throughout the 20th and 21st century because they introduced effective new strategies for the systemRead MoreThe Integral Role Sentencing Plays in the Criminal Justice Process904 Words   |  4 PagesThese philosophies are: Retribution- Retribution is a philosophy that a wrong doer who has freely chosen to violate society’s rules must be punished. Retribution relies on the principal of â€Å"just deserts†, this holds that the severity of the punishment hold to the severity of the crime. This philosophy is not the same as revenge because retribution is more concerned with the rules of society as a whole, rather than the individualism revenge has had on the victim or victims the offender. MostRead MoreRational Choice vs. Trait Theory Essay1492 Words   |  6 PagesRational Choice Theory VS. Trait Theory Student Name Criminology : Park University Online Program In this essay I will be comparing and contrasting the Rational Choice Theory(s) and the Trait Theory(s). We will start with the history of the two theories and progress toward some of the individual principles in the theories. Next step will be explaining how each theory contributes to criminal behavior. My closing paragraph will concludeRead MoreThomas Hobbes And The Social Contract3563 Words   |  15 Pagesand Citizen Cesare Beccaria published his Essays on Crimes and Punishment that focused heavily on the differentiation among three types of crimes, namely crimes against property, person and state. Cesare believed that punishment was an effective deterrent to crime, as the offender is rational and in control of their actions and behaviors. Cesare expressed that the â€Å"punishment should fit the crime† and that â€Å"adjudication and punishment should be both swift and certain†. He advocated for due processRead MoreClassical Theories Vs Psychological And Physic al1712 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Anderton, Classical Theories vs Psychological and Physical Passivism 1 The Minority Report movie is about a dubious yet powerful Pre-Crime program that utilizes psychic visions to imprison potential killers before they have acted. The film brings up concerns with the blemishes and disappointments of equity and science against the background of wrongful conviction. The film also deals with mass imprisonment, DNA innovation, and preventive detainment of warehousing criminals on the guise of futureRead MoreCompare and Contrast two criminological approaches to understanding the commission of crime1081 Words   |  5 Pagesthese can be prevented, and deterred by individuals. The two key approaches I will examine in this assignment is that of the early Classicalist approach, and the opposing Positivist approach, each of which are crucial for understanding modern criminology today. In the late eighteenth century Britain went through an Enlightenment period, which is also referred to as The Age of Reason (Paine, 1794) and this is because reason was emphasised over religion, secularisation transformed society, newRead MoreSocial Institutions825 Words   |  4 Pagesconsidering the risks of detection and punishment for the crimes as well as the rewards of committing the crimes successfully (Lyman amp; Potter, 2007). This theory was first exposed in the mid 1800s by the classical school of criminology (Lyman amp; Potter, 2007). The idea that members of organized crime group have free will to make rational decisions in regards to their involvement in criminal activity. With this theory it is suggested that the punishment for their criminal activity needed toRead MoreAre Criminals Rational Decision Makers? Essay examples2042 Words   |  9 Pageseach supporting theories. The traditional explanations for crime are nature vs. nurture debate and the ideas relating to any possible biological reasons that turns someone into a criminal. Are some people really just ‘born bad?’ or are there other, social reasons for criminal behaviour? In this essay I will look at both sides of the argument, and offer an insight into the reasons behind such criminal behaviours. The Classical theory argued that everyone is entitled to free will and rational choice but

The Secret Circle The Power Chapter Twelve Free Essays

â€Å"Get out of here before any of them see us,† the voice said tersely. Cassie could smell the acridity of sweat. Jordan, she was thinking. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Power Chapter Twelve or any similar topic only for you Order Now The one with the gun. The one in the Pistol Club. The other one was Logan, who was on the MIT debate team, and was younger than Jordan – or was he older? Cassie never had been able to keep Portia’s brothers straight, even when Portia was telling her about them, back on Cape Cod. Her mind was working very calmly and clearly. They drove her out of New Salem, onto the mainland, keeping her squashed on the floor of the backseat the whole time. Jordan kept his feet on her and kept something cold and hard pressed against the back of her head. As if I were a dangerous criminal or something, Cassie thought. Good grief. What do they think I’m going to do, turn them into toads? The other pair of feet resting on her was feminine. Portia, Cassie guessed. No, Sally. Portia was too aristocratic to tromp on somebody’s legs. Cassie heard the thudding of the tires as they drove over the bridge to the mainland. After that there were a lot of turns, and then a long ride on a bumpy road. When they finally stopped, it was very quiet. They were in the middle of a forest. Birch and beech and oak, the native trees of Massachusetts, grew thickly all around. They let Cassie out of the car, and then the guys marched her into the woods. Cassie could hear the lighter footsteps of the girls following. It seemed like a long walk, farther and farther away from the road and any semblance of civilization. As dark fell, they reached a clearing. Somebody had been here before. Logan’s flashlight showed a fire pit, and ropes hanging from a tree. Portia and Sally – Cassie had been right, it was Sally – made a fire in the pit, while the guys tied Cassie to the tree. They used a lot more rope than Cassie thought necessary. And she didn’t like the look of that fire. â€Å"Why are you doing this?† she asked Logan as he stepped back from tying her. When she could see their faces she could tell Logan from Jordan – Jordan was the one with shark’s eyes. â€Å"Because you’re a witch,† Logan said briefly. â€Å"That’s a reason?† Portia stepped forward. â€Å"You lied,† she said accusingly. â€Å"About the boy on the beach, about everything. All the time, you were a witch yourself.† â€Å"I wasn’t then,† Cassie said, trying to keep her voice steady. â€Å"I am now.† â€Å"Then you admit it. Well, we’re going to do now what we should have done then.† A hard fist of fear clenched in Cassie’s stomach, and she looked at the fire again. Jordan was putting something in it, something long and metal. I’m in trouble, Cassie realized. I am in very, very bad trouble. She needed help. She knew that, and knew of only one way to call for it. Her only weapon was her power. All right, she told herself; do what you did to call to Sean. Get ready, stay calm – now. Adam, she tried to call to him with her mind. Adam, it’s Cassie. I’m in trouble. She wished she had the chalcedony rose to hold while she called; Adam had told her it would help make contact with him. But the chalcedony rose was Diana’s. Don’t think about that now. Think about Adam. You need to make Adam hear you. Adam, she called again, putting all her strength behind it. Strange that the ability to push with her mind, to do whatever she did to send the power lancing out, didn’t seem to deteriorate with use. Instead, it was like a muscle, getting stronger as she exercised it. Adam, she called again, keeping the message simple and clear. It’s Cassie. I need help. He’ll come, she told herself. He’ll find this place somehow; he’ll come if I can just stay calm and wait. It was the thought of what might happen before Adam came that chilled the blood in her veins. So here she was, stuck in the middle of nowhere with four witch hunters. And the silence was getting on her nerves. â€Å"The least you can do,† she said slowly, speaking to Logan and Sally because she didn’t think Jordan or Portia would answer, â€Å"is explain yourselves. You’ve got me out here, and the least you can do is tell me why you hate witches so much. Because I don’t understand.† â€Å"Are you crazy?† Logan said, as if it should be perfectly obvious. Then, as she continued to stare at him, he said simply, â€Å"Because they’re evil.† â€Å"Logan †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Cassie searched his face in the firelight. â€Å"We’re just like you. We’re more – in touch – with nature, that’s all. We study it and we celebrate it, and sometimes we can get it to do things for us. But we’re not evil. Look,† she said, as Logan turned away, â€Å"we have our faults like everybody else, but basically we try to be good.† â€Å"What about Faye Chamberlain?† Sally snapped, joining the conversation suddenly. â€Å"Is she good?† â€Å"There’s good in Faye,† Cassie said, even more slowly. â€Å"Diana said that once to me, and it’s true. Faye just has to find it. But anyway, you can’t judge all of us by one person.† â€Å"How about what they did to the entire school for years? You’re calling that good? They treated everybody like slaves!† â€Å"That was wrong, I admit it,† Cassie said. â€Å"But Diana didn’t do that – if people treated her like a princess, it wasn’t her fault. Faye was the one treating people like slaves. Some of the others went along because they didn’t think about it. And whatever they did, this isn’t the way to solve it!† â€Å"Mr. Brunswick is going to solve it,† said Portia briefly. â€Å"Mr. Brunswick is a murderer! He is not your friend, Portia. He’s the one who killed Kori Henderson, Chris and Doug’s sister. He killed her because she didn’t fit in with his plans. And he killed Mr. Fogle, the old principal, because he wanted to take his place. And,† Cassie said, â€Å"he killed Jeffrey, Sally! Yes. He did it out of spite as far as I can see – or else to drive the witches and the outsiders farther apart. He wants us to hate each other.† â€Å"That’s ridiculous,† Logan said. â€Å"Why would he want that?† â€Å"Because,† Cassie said, shutting her eyes, knowing it was probably useless, â€Å"he is a witch. The bad kind. The only completely bad one I’ve ever met. And I think he wants us to wipe you out. Or maybe he just wants to take us somewhere else and wipe out the people there. I don’t know what he wants,† she said, opening her eyes, â€Å"but whatever it is, it isn’t good. It isn’t something that’s going to make you happy.† â€Å"Oh, forget this crap. Let’s get started,† Jordan said. â€Å"No, wait, I want to get something clear.† Sally stood in front of Cassie, eye to eye. â€Å"You said Brunswick killed Jeffrey – but he couldn’t have. He wasn’t even in New Salem that night, or when the other murders were committed, either.† â€Å"Oh, he was here, he just wasn’t up and around,† muttered Cassie. She looked at Sally. â€Å"He didn’t need to be there. He’s a witch. He sent out power – dark energy – to do it. Or else maybe he took over somebody’s mind and made them do it.† Like Faye, Cassie was thinking grimly. When it came right down to it, Faye could have pushed Kori down the steps to break her neck, and could have dislodged a boulder to start a rock slide on Mr. Fogle. She could even have gotten Jeffrey down to the boiler room on some pretext and then strangled him. All it would take would be sneaking up on him from behind and then somehow getting the rope around his neck. The police doctors had said one person could do it. â€Å"What difference does it make, how?† Cassie asked tiredly. â€Å"He did it, that’s all that matters. And he did do it, Sally, I promise you. He killed Jeffrey.† Sally was staring hard into her eyes, her pugnacious face inches from Cassie’s. She shook her head and turned away. â€Å"I’m sorry,† Cassie said to the back of her rusty head. â€Å"I liked Jeffrey too. I know what you think, that I was trying to steal him or something. But I wasn’t. I was just – I was so excited that night at Homecoming. It was the first dance I’d ever been to when guys wanted to dance with me.† â€Å"Oh, I’m sure!† Sally snapped without turning around. â€Å"It was. It’s the truth, Sally,† Cassie said passionately. â€Å"Back in California I didn’t know any guys at all. I was just too shy. I don’t even know why they wanted to dance with me at Homecoming. Sally . . .† She gazed at the red-haired girl’s tight shoulders helplessly. Sally turned slowly. â€Å"I guess you don’t ever look in a mirror,† she said, but there was less animosity in her voice. Cassie blinked away the tears that threatened. â€Å"I do, but I don’t see anything special,† she said. â€Å"And I didn’t want to steal Jeffrey; I was just so flattered that he asked me. It was a beautiful night, and everything seemed enchanted, and then . . .† She looked from Sally to Logan, blinking again. â€Å"You don’t know how I felt when I realized he was dead. I would have done anything to catch the person who did it.† Logan took a step toward her, but Portia’s voice, sharp as a wasp sting, stopped him. â€Å"She’s doing it! She’s using her witch powers on you, right now. Don’t be stupid, Logan.† Cassie looked at her. â€Å"Portia, for God’s sake . . .† â€Å"Portia’s right,† Jordan said brutally. â€Å"If we listen to her, she’ll trick us. She’s been a liar from the start.† He pulled the metal thing out of the fire. â€Å"What is that?† Cassie asked. â€Å"A cattle brand.† Cassie thought about that, and tried to keep her fragile grip on control. Jordan stepped in * front of her, holding the long rod which was red-hot at the end. That didn’t surprise Cassie. What surprised her was what he said. â€Å"Where are the Master Tools?† he asked. Cassie was dumbfounded. â€Å"What?† â€Å"Mr. Brunswick told us,† Portia said, her voice thin and hard. â€Å"He told us that they’re the source of your power, and that if they’re destroyed you lose it all. He wants to destroy them himself and stop you forever.† Cassie had the wild impulse to laugh, but she knew that would only bring more trouble. So he’d put them up to this. And he knew she’d found the Master Tools. Right now, he must be expecting her to tell Jordan to save herself. Or maybe he was around here, hoping Cassie would call on him for help. I won’t, Cassie thought. No matter how bad it gets, I won’t do it. I don’t want to be saved by him. She looked around the clearing, especially at the shadows that flickered on the edges of the firelight. â€Å"He wants the Master Tools, all right,† she said distinctly. â€Å"But not to destroy them. He’d use them to destroy you, and us, too, if he can’t get us to knuckle under.† Jordan looked unsurprised. â€Å"You’ll tell us in a while,† he said. â€Å"I expected you to lie at first.† Cassie’s entire body tightened as he brought the glowing brand closer to her. I am brave, she thought, trying to calm her heartbeat. I am as strong as I need to be. But when she smelled the hot metal, sheer black fright swept through her. â€Å"Wait! Stop right there, Jurgen and Lowdown, or whatever your names are.† It was Deborah’s voice, angry and filled with elemental savagery. The girl was standing between two trees as if she’d just materialized there this moment. With her tumbled dark hair blending into the black shadows, and her graceful, stalking posture, she might have been some forest goddess come on a mission of vengeance. Jordan dropped the cattle brand and grabbed his gun, pointing it directly at Deborah. A new voice spoke quietly from the other side of the grove. â€Å"If you move away from Cassie and put the gun down,† Adam said in low, precise tones, â€Å"we won’t have to hurt you.† He had appeared just as soundlessly and he looked just as dangerous as Deborah. Cassie thought of the costume he’d worn at Halloween, the stag antlers and autumn leaves of the horned god. Right now she wouldn’t have been surprised to see a stag beside him. There was another slight movement and Cassie saw Diana. It was as if moonlight had suddenly stepped into the grove. An unearthly aura hung about the girl who stood with fair hair cascading around her like a shining cloak. Tall and slender, she had such an air of command that she might have been the goddess Diana, with the moon and stars at her fingertips. She looked at the outsiders silently with eyes as green as jewels, and then she spoke. â€Å"Get away from my friend,† she said. For an instant Cassie thought they were going to do it on the strength of her authority alone. Jordan’s gun wavered. Then it snapped up again, pointing toward Adam, and Logan snatched a burning stick from the fire. He held it close to Cassie’s face, as Jordan had held the brand. â€Å"Keep back or we’ll hurt her† he said. Adam let out his breath. â€Å"We warned you,† he said softly. Cassie was looking into Diana’s emerald eyes. She glanced at Logan’s burning stick, and then back. She could tell that Diana remembered the candle ceremony. Fire – so close she could feel its heat on her cheek. The flames changing shape every second, their radiance streaming endlessly upward. There was power in Fire, as Cassie had discovered when Faye had waved a piece of burning paper at her in the old science building. Power there for the taking . . . This time she took it. The stick flared up as if someone had dumped gasoline on it, and Cassie turned her face away, eyes shut against the brilliance. Logan screamed and threw the stick. Jordan’s head jerked sideways, he was distracted for an instant – – and that was all it took. Jordan went down as the Henderson brothers appeared from nowhere, leaping like twin golden flames. The gun fired a shot skyward, and then they were pinning him, one on each arm. Cassie saw Nick surge up from the shadows and grab Logan from behind. Logan struggled, but Adam joined Nick and the fight was over in seconds. By the time Cassie looked the other way, the outsider girls were taken care of. Sally was on her face, with Deborah kneeling on her back and Melanie standing over them. Portia was flattened against a tree, very still. Two feet from her, Raj was snarling, lips peeled back, hair bristling. Laurel stood just behind him, looking tall and terrible. â€Å"These trees,† she said to Portia, â€Å"have put up with a lot from your kind. If you try to run you’ll end up lost in the middle of them. That’s not to mention what the dog might do. If I were you, I wouldn’t move a muscle.† Portia didn’t. Diana walked over and cut Cassie’s ropes with a white-handled knife. It took some time. â€Å"Good job,† Suzan said from the sidelines. â€Å"Are you all right?† Diana asked Cassie, still with that frightening, unearthly aura about her. Cassie nodded. â€Å"We were already on our way when you called to Adam,† Diana said. â€Å"Laurel saw their car speeding down Crowhaven Road and Adam felt there was something wrong. He guided us to their car, but it was Raj who tracked you through the woods.† Cassie just nodded gratefully. She couldn’t speak. â€Å"Since Cassie’s all right, we won’t hurt you four,† Diana said aloud, then. â€Å"But we’re going to take this† – she picked up Jordan’s gun, holding it as if it were a poisonous snake – â€Å"and we’re going to leave you here. Your car has a few flat tires. You can walk home.† The four outsiders said nothing. Sally, still on the ground, was panting; Logan, with Nick’s arm around his throat, was trembling-still; Portia remained frozen against the tree. But it was Jordan who held Cassie’s attention. He was staring at Diana with eyes of pure hatred, like a cornered wild dog. It will never stop, Cassie thought. They’ll hate us even more after this. They’ll do something else to us, and we’ll do something to them, and it will never stop. On impulse, she walked over to where Jordan lay sprawled on his back on the forest floor, and she held out a hand to him. â€Å"We don’t have to be enemies,† she said. â€Å"Can’t we just end it now?† Jordan spat on her. Cassie went still, too surprised to be upset. Nobody had ever spat at her before. She looked in shock at her outstretched hand, then wiped it on her jeans. What happened next she heard later from Laurel, because she was actually looking down at the time. Nick started toward Jordan instantly, but he was hindered by having to get rid of Logan, and anyway Adam was simply faster. He moved faster than the eye could follow, grabbing Jordan by the front of the jacket and hauling him up, then knocking him down again with one lightning-quick blow to the face. Behind Cassie, the bonfire shot up in orange flames ten feet high. Jordan landed on his back, both hands clapped over his nose. â€Å"Get up,† Adam said. The flames roared and crackled, sending a shower of sparks floating into the darkness of the woods. Nick was beside Adam now. His face was emotionless, utterly cool, the old Nick. â€Å"Naw, buddy, I think he’s had enough,† he drawled, taking hold of Adam’s arm. Jordan lifted one hand from his nose, and Cassie saw the blood. â€Å"She’s a little liar. You’ll find out,† he yowled in a thick voice, looking from Cassie to Adam. For a moment Cassie thought Adam was going to hit him again. Then Adam turned away, as if forgetting Jordan existed. He didn’t seem to notice Nick’s existence either. He took Cassie’s hand, the one Jordan had spat on, turned it over, and kissed it. Cassie thought that somebody had better do something fast. â€Å"We should tie them up,† Melanie said, her calm, thoughtful voice pervading the clearing. â€Å"Or three of them at least – the fourth can be untying the others while we get away.† â€Å"Not too tightly,† Diana said, conceding. While Jordan, Logan, and Sally were being tied up, she stuck the white-handled knife in the ground by Portia. â€Å"You can cut them free when we leave. Don’t try to follow us,† she said. Portia didn’t look as if she might follow; her eyes were showing white all around. Diana followed her gaze to the fire, which was still roaring more like a burning oil well than a bonfire, and spoke softly to Cassie. â€Å"Can you tone that down a little? I think they’re scared enough.† Cassie, who wasn’t doing it, mumbled something inarticulate, and hastily went over to check on Sally’s bonds. Sally glanced at her out of the sides of her eyes and spoke without moving her lips. â€Å"I was wrong about you.† Cassie looked at her in surprise, but said nothing, leaning over as if to examine Sally’s tied wrists. â€Å"You may be right about Brunswick,† Sally said, still in almost inaudible tones. â€Å"If you are, I feel sorry for you. He’s going to do something on the ninth. There’s a full moon or something – and that’s when he’s going to move. He wanted the tools before then.† â€Å"Thanks,† Cassie whispered and she squeezed Sally’s hand behind her back. Then she straightened up as Diana said, â€Å"Let’s go.† As they left, Cassie nudged Adam inconspicuously. â€Å"Are you doing the fire?† she whispered. â€Å"What? Oh.† The flames fell, collapsing suddenly into a normal bonfire. â€Å"I guess so,† he said. They walked through the woods, Laurel and Deborah leading them surely among the dark trees, Raj trotting alongside. Cassie spent the entire walk thinking about Nick. She got in the Armstrong car with him when they came to the road. He drove silently, one arm along the back of the seat. The other cars were in front of them, headlights shining on the lonely road as they made their way back to New Salem. Cassie was trying to find the right words to say. She’d never had to do anything like this before and she was afraid to do it wrong. She was afraid to hurt Nick. But there was no way around it. From the instant that Adam had kissed her hand she had known. Cassie could like it or hate it, but there was no way to do anything about it. â€Å"Nick †¦Ã¢â‚¬  she said, and choked up. â€Å"You don’t have to say anything,† he said, in his old detached, nothing-hurts-me voice. Cassie could hear the pain underneath it. Then he looked at her, and his tone softened. â€Å"I knew what I was doing when I got into this,† he said. â€Å"And you never pretended anything else. It’s not your fault.† He’d said she didn’t have to say anything – but she did. She had to try to explain to him. â€Å"It’s not because of Adam,† she said softly. â€Å"I mean, it’s not for him, because I know there’s no hope. I – accept that now, and I’m happy for him and Diana. But I just†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She stopped and shook her head helplessly. â€Å"This is going to sound totally stupid, but I can’t be with anybody else. Ever. I’m just going to have to . . .† She tried to think of a way to put it, but all she could come up with was a phrase out of one of her grandmother’s Victorian etiquette books she’d read one rainy afternoon. â€Å"I’m going to have to live a life of single blessedness,† she mumbled. Nick threw back his head and laughed. Real laughter. Cassie looked at him, embarrassed, but glad that at least he was smiling. His voice was more normal too, as he glanced at her sideways, taking his arm off the back of the seat. â€Å"Oh, you think so?† he said. â€Å"Well, what else am I supposed to do?† Nick didn’t answer, just shook his head slightly, with another little snort of laughter. â€Å"Cassie, I’m glad I met you,† he said. â€Å"You’re – unique. Sometimes I think you belong back in medieval times instead of now. You and Diana and him, all three. But, anyway, I’m glad.† Cassie felt more embarrassed, and she didn’t understand. â€Å"I’m glad I met you,† she said. â€Å"You’ve been so nice to me – you’re such a good guy.† He snorted again. â€Å"Most people would disagree,† he said. â€Å"But I’m not so bad. I’ll have to make sure I’m not, or I’ll still see you looking at me with those big eyes.† He started to fish a cigarette out of the pack in his pocket, then glanced at her sideways and tapped it back. Cassie smiled. She wished she could hold his hand, but that wouldn’t be right. She was going to have to make it alone now. She leaned back and looked through the windows at the lighted houses slipping by. How to cite The Secret Circle: The Power Chapter Twelve, Essay examples

Proposal Adventure Camp free essay sample

By: Senior Administrator [name] Introduction It appears that people are unaware of our presence. To solve this, we need to have a wider array of ways to attract the public. We also need to draw the larger groups such as school classes or sports teams. Personal Promotion We are often told by our customers, how great they think the centre is for doing adventure activities. However, very few know about us, despite those comments. A solution could be to organize open days regularly and send invitations to journalists so they can promote the centre in public media. Online attention Sometimes we were asked for our website, yet we do not have one. A website is much easier for people these days, because it allows them to book our experiences online without having to leave home. Online bookings are also much easier to register for us. Another suggestion is entering social media. We will write a custom essay sample on Proposal Adventure Camp or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They are on the rise especially among teenagers and adolescents and they are our primary target groups. This way we can encourage them to join our activities and our customers can also encourage their friends to do so. The development of a sophisticated website and social media page is therefore an absolute must. Special offers As you know ‘discount’ is a magic word, which could attract large quantities of people. Thus considerable group discount could be very effective in order to attract larger groups. Those groups could spread the word about our centre, drawing more clients exponentially. Conclusion The problems are being insufficiently known and not being attractive to large groups. In order to tackle the problems listed above I advise the management to implement my three recommendations; being open days, the development of pages on the world wide web and an attractive group discount.

Everything You Ever Wanted To Know About Electronic Data Interchange E

Everything You Ever Wanted To Know About Electronic Data Interchange Every Thing You Ever Wanted to Know About EDI By Brian Harris December 1, 1998 ISDS 4800 Sec. 001 Introduction First of all what is EDI? Well EDI, or Electronic Data Interchange, is the transfer of business documents such as sales invoices, purchase orders, price quotations, etc. using a pre-established format in a paperless electronic environment. Usually this transfer occurs over VANs, Value Added Networks, but it is becoming increasingly popular over the Internet because of cost savings and ease of use. EDI has been around for approximately 30 years. The true genesis of EDI occurred in the mid-1960s, as an early attempt at implementing the fictional paperless office by companies in transportation, grocery and retail industry segments. Although EDI never eliminated paper documents, it decreased the number of times such documents were handled by people. Reduced handling resulted in fewer errors and faster transfers (Millman, 83). EDI technology is rapidly changing the way business is conducted throughout the world. Firms that use EDI are more efficient and responsive to the needs of customers and partners and in many cases have jumped out ahead of the competition. Many businesses are already using EDI with suppliers and customers, and if your firm wants to do business with companies involved in Government Dealings EDI must be part of your business no later than January 1, 1999. In May of this year, the major industrial groups in charge of standards setting for EDI, have united behind a set of standards that will allow for seamless web-based forms using extensible markup language, similar to HTML, thereby increasing the accessibility of EDI for small businesses on the Internet (Campbell, 28). An example of an application for EDI is filing tax returns with the Internal Revenue Service. The IRS offers several options for filing your tax return, one of which is filing electronically and receiving your refund by electronic funds transfer or direct deposit. The forms used are available in tax preparation software, which can be downloaded off the Internet or purchased by retail. The forms are filled out directly on a PC then transmitted to another computer, which acts as a midpoint to the IRS. The IRS receives your forms and can issue a refund without ever having to reprocess the data. By using this method you save yourself and the IRS time and money (Campbell, 28). How EDI Works Table came from Information Technology for Management by Turban, McLean and Wetherbe page 244. Information, such as purchase orders for medical supplies, flows from the hospital's information system into an EDI station, which consist of a PC, an EDI translator and a modem. From there, the information moves to a VAN (Value Added Network). The Van transfers the formatted information to the vendor, where the vendor side EDI translator converts it to a desired format (Turban, 244). An EDI translator does the conversion of data into standard format. An example of such formatting is shown below. Table came from Information Technology for Management by Turban, McLean and Wetherbe page 243. An average hospital generates about 15,000 purchase orders each year at a processing cost of about $70 per order. The health Industry Business Communication Council estimates that EDI can reduce this cost to $4 per order, potential yearly savings of $840,000 per hospital. The required investment ranges between $8,000 and $15,000. This includes the purchase of a PC with an EDI translator, a modem, and a link to the mainframe-based information system. The hospital can have two or three ordering points. These are connected to a value-added network (VAN), which connects the hospitals to its suppliers. (See figure on previous page) The system can also connect to other hospitals, or to centralized joint purchasing agencies. (Turban, 244). Benefits of EDI There are numerous benefits associated with the adoption of EDI. Probably the most important and largest benefit is efficiency. By utilizing EDI businesses are able to streamline their whole supply chain process. Whether it is upstream to suppliers or downstream to customers, EDI eliminates repetitive tasks such as entering data multiple times and cuts costs of printing hard copies and transportation costs. EDI also allows you to send and receive large amounts of data quickly to or from anywhere in the

Amy Lee Essays

Amy Lee Essays Amy Lee Essay Amy Lee Essay Amy Lee Amy Lynn Lee, singer-songwriter and classically-trained pianist, is co-founder and lead singer of the alternative metal band Evanescence. Inspired by her mother, Lee spent nine years of her life practicing piano. Lee was born to parents John Lee, radio personality, and Sara Cargill. Living in Florida and California, they finally settled in Little Rock, Arkansas, where the band Evanescence began. Hearing Lee’s beautiful voice and heartfelt words, tears fall from the cheeks of some listening. Her words resonate in the soul of the receiver. At a summer youth camp, Ben Moody noticed Lee on the piano playing the song, â€Å"I’d Do Anything for Love (But I Won’t Do That),† by Meatloaf. A month later, the two began writing songs, eventually producing Evanescence EP in 1998, Sound Asleep EP in 1999, and the full length demo, Origin, in 2000. Signing with Wind-Up Records, Evanescence released Fallen in 2003, selling six point six million copies and spending 43 weeks in the Billboard top ten. Evanescence’s major label debut single, â€Å"Bring Me to Life,† was a major hit for the band and reached number five on the American Billboard Hot 100, while the equally popular â€Å"My Immortal† peaked at number seven in the United States. Their inclusion in the soundtrack for the action movie, â€Å"Daredevil,† helped propel both songs into widespread popularity and firmly cemented Evanescence within the music scene. â€Å"Bring Me to Life† gained recognition for the band at the Grammy Awards of 2004, where the band was given the Best Hard Rock Performance award. At the same time, Evanescence was awarded Best New Artist. Lead-guitarist Ben Moody abruptly left the band during the middle of their European tour. Relieved of an abusive relationship with Moody, Lee states, â€Å"Before, I wasn’t allowed to play any organ because Ben didn’t like it. This time I could do whatever I wanted, and there’s lots of organ. It’s all over. † (Lee) Moody was replaced by Terry Balsamo, the former Limp Bizkit guitarist. Meanwhile, the band went through numerous obstacles: Balsamo suffered from a stroke, Lee sued her manager, claiming sexual assault, and Lee broke ties with her boyfriend, Seether’s Shaun Morgan. Lee and Morgan produced a duet, â€Å"Broken,† which appears in the soundtrack to â€Å"The Punisher. † After three years absence, Evanescence’s second album, The Open Door, was released. The Open Door debuted at the top of the Billboard charts, selling more than 447,000 units in its first week and reached platinum status in just over a month. The album is defined by Lee’s beautiful melodies, compelling lyrics, deeply moving piano and amazing vocals, blended with Terry Balsamo’s urgent yet intricate guitar to form a seamless, delicate mixture that perfectly channels the band’s hard rock and classical sensibilities. The album’s first single, â€Å"Call Me When You’re Sober,† bashes Morgan for his drug addiction. Lee began writing at the tender age of eleven. She remains true to herself through life’s trials, writing and singing from the heart, captivating audiences worldwide. When Lee and Moody, co-founders of Evanescence, began singing, Lee was only sixteen. Lee has matured over the years, as is reflected in the album The Open Door. As Alen Meltzer, CEO of Wind-Up Records, states, â€Å"She is the female voice of her generation. She’s come into her own as a writer and a singer. She made this record with no label involvement. It was all her. † (Meltzer). Some may find the lyrics of Evanescence offensive, yet others may find them soothing, finally having someone put words to their pain and anger.

Expressionism and Harold Pinters Plays Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Expressionism and Harold Pinters Plays - Essay Example Expressionism is the term used to define many different pieces of artwork including paintings, sculptures, film and plays, that in some way distort reality for emotional effect. Painters can use expressionist techniques to blur solid lines, play with light or change the facial features on a portrait so that the viewer gets a real sense of the emotion of the piece; fear, despair, love (Murphy, 1999, 40). By working with expressionist techniques instead of using realism, many artists feel more capable of portraying the proper feeling of their pieces than if everything were to appear perfectly lifelike. Expressionism is meant to dig beneath a realistic surface and expose what lies beneath. In terms of the theatre, most early expressionist plays are credited to German playwrights of the early 20th century. Writers such as Georg Kaiser and Ernst Toller were two of the most successful early expressionistic playwrights; their influence quickly spread to other countries including America where this style of theatre was considered very trendy in the 1920's (Valgamae, 1972, 1-15). Plays such as these relied heavily on the ability of the actors as they were often scripted to over-dramatise emotional states and to literalise metaphor; many expressionistic plays focused on the dramatisation of a protagonist's spiritual awakening or suffering. A good example of an expressionist play can be found in Oskar Kokoschka's 1909 Murderer, The Hope of Women. In this production, Kokoschka's characters remain unnamed throughout in an effort to focus the attentions of the audience to the more obscure themes. The Man and the Woman are engaged in a power struggle and during the course of the play Man brands Women, who in turn imprisons Man (1909). The entire play is set up as a purely connotative and emotional look at what might well be a normal relationship between a man and a woman. Like other expressionist forms of art, theatre focuses on the reality behind the everyday, and achieves this with the use of literalism, metaphor and hyperbole. Harold Pinter Pinter is an English playwright who has been active for several decades in various facets of the writing world. Aside from writing 29 well-received stage plays, he has written 26 screenplays and a myriad of radio and television plays as well as having acted on stage himself. Pinter began his writing career as a teenage poet, but soon found himself on stage; in the 1950's he enjoyed an acting career under the name David Baron but eventually writing overtook his desire to pursue acting. His playwriting is very unorthodox in both Pinter's approach as a writer and in its materialisation on stage; these plays earned him the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2005 (Peacock, 1997, 13-33). Pinter has been politically active since he became a conscientious objector at 18; since then the writer has participated in the UK's Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, the British Anti-Apartheid Movement and the Playwright's in Apartheid Protest. He has been very active in International PEN (International Poets, Essayists and Novelists), a group of diverse writers from around the world who promote the use of literature in crossing cultural borders. Currently Pinter is a member of the Cuban Solidarity

Fundamental of finance Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Fundamental of finance - Article Example This portfolio is best suited for Top Choice as they are high risk takers. The investment will yield an average return of (31.6% of ' 2,000,000) ' 632,000 with a standard deviation of (7.14% of ' 2,000,000) ' 142,800. This indicates that the return will be in the range of (' 632,000 - ' 142,800) and (' 632,000 + ' 142,800), i.e., ' 489,200 and ' 774,800 respectively. A company can be financed by a number of different modes. The type of capital financing that has been chosen for the company is referred to as the capital structure of the company. A company can be financed using debentures, equity shares, long term loans, etc. These options however are based on the nature of risk the investors are willing to take. The following sections will discuss the various financing options that are available for investors to finance their companies and the factors that affect the choice have also been discussed. a) Equity Financing: This is the most common mode of financing used by companies. Here companies raise monies for the business by selling stocks of the company. These can either be preferred or common stock and can be sold both to individuals as well as investors. This is also referred to as the share capital of the company. These stocks provide the buyers with an ownership in the company. This is perceived to be 'easy money' as it does not involve any debt. Here the company does not require repaying the amount to the investors, as long as the business makes profits. Equity financing is best suited for people who are risk takers (J Ogilvie & B Koch 2002). b) Debt Financing: This type of financing is when a company borrows money from other sources like banks, etc, under an agreement to pay back within a fixed amount of time. Here the lenders do not get any ownership of the business and the relationship remains active until all the monies are paid back. This can be of two main types a) short term financing, where loans taken are for a period less than one year. These are mostly taken by people who are willing to take risks. b) Long term financing is when loans are taken for period higher

Reflection in Sport Coaching

Reflection in Sport Coaching Reflection is defined by Stenhouse 1975 p 144 as a capacity for autonomous professional self-directed through systematic self- study. Discuss how a coach utilises reflective practice to enhance their coaching performance The aim for this essay is to discuss how a coach can use reflective practice to improve his/her coaching. Reflective practice is an idea used in education studies and pedagogy. It was introduced by John Dewey, he defined reflection as active, persistent and careful consideration of any belief or supposed form of knowledge in the light of the grounds that support it, and the further conclusions to which it tends (Dewey, 1910). Dewey recommended that before a coach can achieve effective reflection three personal characteristics been to be in attendance. Open-mindedness- this is the yearning to want to learn more than you already know Wholeheartedness this is the enthusiasm to want to learn more about a specific subject Responsibility- this is to take the accountability of your actions, positive or negative. However, it is also important to understand other definitions of reflection as not all research has reached an agreed definition Jarvis (1992 p180) claims that reflective practice is something more then thoughtful practice. It is that form of practice that seeks to problematise many situations of professional performance so that they can become potential learning situations and so the practitioners can continue to learn, grow and develop in and through practice. Dewey (1910 p39) defines reflection as the active, persistent, and careful consideration of any belief or supposed form of knowledge in the light of the grounds that support it, and the further conclusion to which it tends. Reid (1993) in her definition also noted reflection as an active process rather than passive thinking. She states: Reflection is a process of reviewing an experience of practice in order to describe, analyse, evaluate and so inform learning about practice.(p305) McKernan (1996) refers to reflective teaching as not a knowledge-bounded set of competencies which are learned during student teaching, but on the contrary teaching that reflectively supports growth and professionalism through the questioning of  policies, problems and the consequences of actions. This is true in relation to the coach. Pollard (2002) suggests that Reflective teaching is applied in cyclical or spiralling process, in which teachers monitor, evaluate and revise their own practice continually. According to Reid (1993) cited by Ghaye and Lilleyman (1997) reflective practice is: Potentially both a way of learning and a mode of survival and development once formal education ceases. They believe that reflective practice is more than just skillto be used in one particular context but throughout life as well. Reflective practice requires professionals to step back from themselves and the  situation to examine all aspects of the teaching/learning act, including essential  dispositions. It implies that they use an empirical, analytical review of their teaching and  that they employ a moral and ethical framework to guide their analysis and modification  of teaching behaviour. Boise State University (No Date) In 1987 Schon stated that reflection can happen in two ways: reflecting in action and reflecting on action. Reflecting on action occurs after the coaching has taken place, this can be aided with the use of another coach giving advice, or with the use of video. Fitzgerald (1994) defines reflection on action as The retrospective contemplation of practice undertaken in order to uncover the knowledge used in practical situations, by analysing and interpreting the information recalled. Reflecting in action refers to reflection taking place during the activity. It can be said that reflecting on action is engaging in a constant process of rapid feedback and adjustment by which skilful operators can adjust to circumstances and sustain high levels of effectiveness Jackson et al (2004). When reviewing a coaching session there a number of topics to take into consideration. The first and most important aspect of coaching to take into consideration is if the aims and achievements for not only the coaching session but also for the season as a whole. Reflection to see if goals were achieved for the season can only happen once the season has finished. The goals may vary from winning every game, to trying to win one game, if the goals are not reached e.g. the team lost all games then the coach will know that his method of coaching might not have been the most effective to use for the athletes in his team. After a session there can also be a time for reflection, each session should have a clear aim or goal of a specific skill that needs to be improved, if at the end of the session the athletes have become more efficient in that skill then they session can be see as a success. On the other hand however, if the athletes have not improved during the session then reflection needs to take place to see why this is the case. Another way that a coach can use reflection to enhance their coaching performance is to evaluate if there coaching is time and cost effective. It is not good coaching if for example, it takes a whole session to cover a skill that can be covered in five minutes. To evaluate if the session has been cost effective, there are a number of factors to take into consideration. The first of these is have the athletes improved? If they havent then they have paid to gain nothing. However, if the athlete pays very little for a session, where there is only one coach and a high number of children then the expectations of the athletes and parents will drop. Young children i.e. under 7s may be only attending the session as an alternative to babysitting, especially if the cost of coaching is less than that of employing a baby sitter. A coach must make sure that what he/she is teaching is suited to the age group. For example, under 7s would not be capable of learning leg spin in cricket. Also at the other end of the spectrum you would not have the first team practicing basic drills such has hitting a tennis ball off a cone. Sometimes however, this is not that easy to plan for. For example, a group may have very extensive knowledge of one skill e.g. the front food drive, but have no idea how to play a pull shot. A coach can use reflection after the session to see if the performers have improved at the specific skill. A coach can reflect on the use of coaching points, there is no use in using advanced coaching points for athletes who are not experienced e.g. telling a 7 year old to rotate their shoulders vertically when playing the front food drive. The same can be said for experienced athletes, you would not tell them for example to keep their eyes on the ball when catching it as they will already know this. Coaches have to reflect on demonstrations, for the athlete to learn best the demonstrations need to be accurate and performed from many angles. The coach must also make sure that the athlete can see and is not obstructed by another athlete or the coach himself. The coach can also reflect on the safety, this can be a rather easy subject to reflect upon. If there is an injury then the reason for that injury will need to be looked at and reflected upon. Safety could also be reflected upon when thinking about equipment, the equipment that is used may be faulty or broken. All of the above are times when reflection can occur. Feedback from a number of people is very important when reflecting about a session. The athlete that you are coaching will give the coach a lot of feedback; this can range from the improvement they make to their body language. Some more elite athletes will know what works for them so will inform their coach how they learn best. It can be hard to judge how much an athlete has improved from the beginning of a session to the end of one. It is important to distinguish how much if an the athlete has gained so a test like situation could be helpful to ensure that the coach is coaching in a way that is effective. For example, when coaching throwing in cricket, it can be useful to see how far the athlete can throw before any coaching has taken place, so that after the coaching you can see if the athlete can throw the ball any further. Other coaches can help when reflecting about a session, especially if the coach is more experienced and or more qualified. The employer can also help with reflection, if the employer thinks that the athlete is improving then the coach will know that the way he is coaching is effective. But if the employer is not pleased with the improvement then change will have to be made. Parents can also play a large role in the reflective process, the parents may not be happy with the way that a coach is coaching. This may mean that the coach will have to change his coaching method, but only if the parent is knowledgeable. Reflection can also be aided by the use of a video. A video can record the coaching session, and give the coach an incite to what he/she actually does. This can help as it will show demonstrations, body language and what exactly was said. It will also allow the coach to look back on sessions in the past looking to see how his/her coaching methods have changed. McKernan agreed: might use a video recorder to trap teaching performance as evidence or data  to be analysed. More importantly, such a film becomes a critical documentary for  reflecting on practiceresearch can be undertaken by reactive methods such as  observers, questionnaires, interviews, dialogue journals or through such non-reactive  techniques as case studies, field notes, logs, diaries anecdotal records, document  analysis, shadow studies. McKernan (1996) Hanson believed that asking the students to fill in journals after each session would allow the coach to reflect properly. Ive had students make brief journal entries at the end of each sessionit doesnt take much time but reading and responding to the journal entries is time consuming. An approach taken from the values clarification literature is to ask students for one word that represents their behaviour that day. Hellison (1985) Reflection makes the coach test their own behaviour, reminding them to act sensibly in their actions. Reflective evaluation shows areas where population, for example, children, have a bigger social need in addition to their individual sport. When creating training session it is vital to think of the childhood of that child. Reflective practice demands the coach to examine their own behaviour honestly,  reminding them to act responsibly in their actions. Reflective evaluation highlights areas  where the population, for example, children, have a great social need besides their  particular sport. When designing training sessions it is important to consider the childhood of that child. Extreme training sessions may ruin their childhood. Reflective practice is detailed as being essential in increasing coaching effectiveness (Crisfield, 1998; Clifford and Feezell, 1997). Crisfield (1998) considers coaching efficiency to be determined by factors such as knowledge, skills, experience and philosophy. In conclusion Pollard (2002) states the importance of the reflection within coaching. The  process of reflective teaching supports the development and maintenance of professional  expertise. If a coach feels that they have nothing more to work on then they are not using reflection correctly, every coach no matter what level needs to use reflection to become a more competent coach. The importance of reflective coaching is not just about finding and defining the problem. Organising, planning and acting upon it are essential also. There must also be re-evaluation to see if it has solved the problem and continual evaluation resumed. Reflective practice lets the coach value for different styles or methods of coaching. If a coach did not use reflective practice then he/she could not guarantee continual re-evaluation of their work. McKernan (1996) refers to the coaching process as a ladder. To get any higher  performers must extend their ladder by making it longer through reflection and hopefully  improvement, or they and their will be limited to the same level. Adapted from Department of Education for Northern Ireland (1999) cited by  Pollard (2002) this mission statement sums up the truth of the reflective coach: At the  heart of becoming a good teacher is, above all else, being a learner-a life long learner. To learn one has to ask questions of oneself Bibliography Johns C Freshwater D (1998) Transforming nursing through reflective practice. Blackwell Science, London. Reid B (1993) But Were Doing it Already! Exploring a Response to the Concept of Reflective Practice in Order to Improve its Facilitation, Nurse Education Today, 13: 305- 309. McKernan, J. (1996). Curriculum Action Research: A Handbook of Methods and Resources for the Reflective Practitioner. Kogan Page Pollard, A. (2002). Reflective Teaching: Effective and Evidence-informed Professional Practice. Continuum Hellison, D. (1985). Goals and Strategies for Teaching Physical Education. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Schà ¶n, D. (1991). Educating the Reflective Practitioner. Oxford: Jossey-Bass Crisfield, P. (1998). Analysing Your Coaching; The Start of Your Journey Towards Coaching Excellence. Leeds: The National Coaching Foundation Crisfield, P., Houlston, D. Simpkin, A. (1996). Coaching Sessions; A Guide to Planning and Goal-Setting. Leeds: The National Coaching Foundation Coaching knowledges, understanding the dynamics of sport performance, Jim Dickenson, 2007 A + C Black Publishers LTD. Jarvis, P. (1992), Reflective Practice and Nursing, Nurse Education Today, Volume 12, pages 23-30. Reed, J. Proctor, S. (1993) Nurse Education a Reflective Approach, Edward Arnold, London. Understanding sports coaching- the social, cultural and pedagogical foundations of coaching practice Tania Cassidy- routledge 2004 Reflective practice and supervision for coaches- Julie hay, the McGraw hill companies- 2007

Classical vs Baroque Era Music

Baroque PeriodMusical texture during the Baroque period was also polyphonic and/or homophonic. Composers used melodic patterns to evoke certain moods. The use of text depiction continued. Rhythmic and melodic patterns are repeated throughout the composition. With the addition of instruments and the development of certain musical techniques such as basso continuo, music during the Baroque period became more intriguing.Composers during this period were more open to experimentation and improvisation. Major and minor scales and chords were used during this time. Baroque music has unity of mood throughout the composition. Rhythm is also more constant. Rhythmic and melodic patterns tend to be repeated, although beats are more pronounced and there are also pitch changes within a composition. Even the dynamics tends to stay the same for most of the piece, but sometimes there is also an alternation of dynamics.Classical PeriodThe themes within a movement of a Classical composition have more c ontrast of mood and it can change either gradually or suddenly. The rhythm is more flexible and there are at times sudden pauses and changes in beats. Music is more melodic and often homophonic. A change in dynamics is gradual. The piano became a popular instrument during this period and composers showcased the instruments’ capabilities. This period also signaled the end of the basso continuo. Instrumental compositions usually had 4 movements and each movement may consist of 1 to 4 themes.SimilaritiesIn both the Baroque and Classical periods, composers were strongly tied to, connected to, and employed by the court of a Royal or Noble family of some sort, or a church. Mozart was employed by the Emperor of Austria, and Bach was employed by several different chapels in his lifetime. These wealthy patrons, establishments or families usually provided  for the composers welfare and lifestyle.Baroque and Classical music both share basic functional harmony that is not very adventur ous in modulation, however, the mid to late Classic period begins to show signs of harmonic exploration to a wider degree. Some Baroque progressions are not commonly found in Classical music, however.Forms of the Baroque laid ground for many periods to come. Techniques and styles were not forgotten as the Classical period came to noticeable rise around the death of Bach. Composers still wrote famous and striking operas, concertos, masses, and sonatas Aspects of Classical era opera are: all of the words are sung, the style of singing must be powerful enough to project the words and music throughout the opera house, words are often not in English, and the plots of operas are usually shortened, because more time is required to express a thought in music than simply speaking.Also, Classical opera requires the suspension of realities that affect any drama. For example, a change of scene most likely means that a large amount of time has passed between these two scenes within the opera. Th e purpose of Classical opera is not to imitate reality, but rather heighten it to a degree that is not bound by logic. It appeals to the imagination of the audienceThe music of an opera consists of recitatives, arias, and choruses. The chorus usually participates on stage from behind the main characters.Several traditions exist about the type of voices and the characters portrayed. The heroine and hero usually a soprano and tenor, and the villain or authority figure is often a bass.Two types of operas were important during the Classical period: opera seria and opera buffa. Opera seria was the traditional tragic opera that often featured stories about ancient Greek and Roman heros and gods. Opera buffa (comic opera) was filled with fun and frivolity. It was written in  vernacular languages, and used humorous dialogue and sometimes included popular tunes.Homophonic texture was mostly used, with only occasional counterpoint. New forms developed for individual movements: sonata-allegr o, theme and variations, rondo, and minuet and trio.Niccolà ² Piccinni, Christoph Willibald Gluck, and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart were three well known opera composers during the early Classical era. Famous pieces that they wrote included: La buona figliuola, Orfeo ed Euridice, and La finta giardiniera, respectively.

Breast Cancer

Informative Speech Course Title: Public Speaking Course Code: COM 101 Title: Breast Cancer Presented by: Anna Kokkoni Reg. Number: K2005444 Do you know what is the link between Kylie Minogue, Sheryl Crow, Olivia Newton-John? Let me tell you a small story before I answer this question. My aunty Irene five years ago had a really bad pain in her right breast. Everybody use to tell her that it’s nothing. You don’t need to go to a specialist because from stress and nervous. One day she decide and went to the doctor just to be sure that its nothing. But she didn’t receive the answer that she was awaiting.The bad news came. ‘Mrs Irene you have breast cancer’. My aunty has the same as the three ladies mentioned above. I am here to talk you about breast cancer, the risk factors, the anatomy of women breast, self examination of breasts. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It happens when some cells of the breast lose control of multiplication and divide uncontrollably. These cells have the ability to break – Filtration some normal anatomic barriers to breast and disperse the rest of the body Each cancer so that breast cancer is due to a genetic abnormality in a cell.Although the cause is at a level of genes, only 5-10% of breast cancers are inherited from parents. The majority of breast cancers are due to some genetic damage that occurs during life. The risk of a woman developing breast cancer increases with age. So while until the age of 39 years, the risk is just 0. 5% in ages 40-59 years the risk reaches 4% (i. e. 1 in 25 women will develop breast cancer). From age 60 and older, the risk is high as 7% (approximately 1 in 15 women). Other risk factors for breast cancer are: Heredity – the daughters, sisters and mothers of women who developed breast cancer and particularly at a young age ( Breast Cancer Breast Cancer in Women In this essay I will be discussing breast cancer, a very serious issue that affects thousands of women each year. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women and is the second leading cause of death in women ages 35 to 54. The majority of breast cancer cases are sporadic, meaning there is no family history of the disease. Only 5% to 10% of women with breast cancer have a family history. Although there is no known cure for breast cancer, by educating yourself about this disease it can help you in early detection.The first step in early detection is self breast exams. These exams should begin when a woman is 18 years old in order to learn what is normal and what is not in the breast. Other important steps in early detection are regular doctor’s exams and mammograms. A mammogram is the best way to detect breast cancer. A woman should have a mammogram when she is 40 years old and then one every two years until she is 50. Once a woman turn s 50 she should have a mammogram once a year because the chances of getting breast cancer greatly increases. In females, breasts are made up of lobules, ducts, and stoma.Lobules are milk producing glands, ducts are the milk passages that connect to the nipple, and stoma is the fatty tissue that surrounds the duct and lobules. Cancer develops when cells become abnormal and start growing out of control, forming a tumor. A tumor can be benign which means it can damage tissue but doesn’t spread to other parts of the body. On the other hand, malignant tumors spread to other parts of the body damaging and destroying healthy tissue. There are many different types of cancer. Ductal carcinoma in situ has the lowest mortality rate.It starts in the milk ducts and is treated before spreading to other breast tissue. This type of cancer is almost always curable. The most common type is called invasive ductal carcinoma. This cancer starts in the milk ducts of the breast, then it breaks thro ugh the duct and attacks the fatty part of the breast. This cancer accounts for up to 80% of all breast cancer. Another type is called invasive lobular carcinoma. This cancer begins in the lobules of the breast where the milk is produced, but it spreads to surrounding tissue or the rest of the body.This cancer accounts for 10% of invasive breast cancers. Signs and symptoms of breast cancer are a lump in the breast, a change in the skin such as abnormal redness or swelling, a change in the nipple, bloody discharge from the nipple and an enlarged lymph node under the arm. When recognizing these signs, it is critical to see a doctor so he/she can give you a breast exam, mammogram, or an ultrasound. Based on those tests results, your doctor may request that you have a biopsy done to obtain a sample of the breast tissue or mass.If the test finds evidence of breast cancer, the kind of treatment will depend upon the size and location of the disease. A treatment of the disease depends on th e type of tumor and how far it has spread in the lymph glands or other organs in the body. Treatment can be local or systemic. Local treatments such as surgery and radiation are used to remove, destroy or control the cancer cells in a specific area in the breast. Systemic treatments such as chemotherapy and hormone therapy are used to destroy or control cancer cells all over the body.Depending upon what the doctor finds, you may have to have one form of treatment or a combination of both. Another option is a mastectomy; where one or both breasts are removed. A mastectomy may be necessary if there is more than one lump in the breast, if the cancer is directly underneath the nipple, if the patient had a previous lumpectomy and the tissue around the cancer is abnormal or if the cancer is too large to remove from the breast to still look normal. Also, some patients that have a larger but operable breast cancer can use medicine.There’s a treatment call adjuvant that uses medicine to attack cancer cells including the ones that have spread. Using this treatment can kill these cells or prevent them from growing for many months and/or years with or without radiation. For many women breasts are a visual symbol of femininity, a focal point of sexuality, and a proud source of nurturing new life. Developing breast cancer can be traumatic not only for a woman’s health but for her self-esteem. That is why it is so important for women to be educated on the early detection signs in order to diagnose the cancer early and minimize any negative effects it may have. Breast Cancer Most signs of breast cancer take place on the breast or somewhere in that sure rounding area. A lump or thickening that feels different from the surrounding tissues in the beer sat. Bloody discharge from the nipple or an inverted nipple, and change in size or shape o f the breast. Peeling, scaling or flaking of the nipple or breast skin, and Redding or pitting o f the skin over your breast (like the skin of an orange). Infections and cysts are more common n when you have developed breast cancer. There's many other signs and symptoms you can ha e with breast cancer, almost too many to name.It really isn't clear what causes breast cancer. It occurs when breast cells begin growing abnormally. Most of the time it starts with cells in the milk producing ducts. D actors do estimate that only 5% to 10% of breast cancers are passed through generations of fame lye. The most common breast cancers are breast cancer gene 1 (BRIAR) and breast cancer gene 2 (BRACE). BRIAR and BRACE are usually fou nd in the cells of the breast and other tissue s, where they elf repair damaged DNA or destroy cells if DNA cannot be repaired.If BRA 1 and BRACE are damaged by a BRA mutation then damaged DNA is not repaired propel y, and that increases the risk for breast cancer. There are number Of tests and diagnosis' for breast cancer. You could get a BRB east exam where your doctor will feel both of your breasts checking for lumps or baboon mealtimes. Mammograms or an Cray of the breast is another way to discover breast can err. You could get a breast ultrasound, that produces sound waves to produce images of structure s deep within the body.A biopsy is a very affective way to discover breast cancer, it's where the y take a sample of breast cells for testing. You could also get an MR., that uses a magnetic and r audio wave to create pictures of the interior of your breast. There's so many established risks to getting breast cancer. Being a woman is a huge one of those established risks. Your r isk of getting breast cancer goes up as you GE t older, 2 of 3 breast cancers are found in women 55 or older. If you have one firefighters fee male relative sister, mother, daughter), then your risk Of getting breast cancer doubles.Afar can Americans, Hispanics, and Asian women are more likely to develop breast cancer. African American women are also more likely to develop more aggressive and advanced stages of breast t cancer, at a very young age. Being heavy set or overweight can also increase your risk of breast cancer development. If you are heavy set or overweight you can decrease your risk o f breast cancer by being active and exercising. If your drink alcohol or smoke you're more likely t 0 get breast anger than someone who doesn't do those things. Breast Cancer Do you know what is breast cancer? Breast cancer is a malignant tumour that develops from cells in the breast. How breast cancer spreads to other parts of the body? The cancer cells grow and divide out of control, invading and damaging nearby tissues and organs. Cancer cells also break away from the original tumour and enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system. This spread of the cancer is called metastasis. Breast cancer may appear as a lump but there are many different types of breast lumps. Most lumps are harmless, or benign. Benign lumps are abnormal, but not life-threatening. Who is at most risk? Men? Female? Or both of them will get breast cancer? The answer is female and male will get breast cancer. However, breast cancer is a female diseases, percentage of men get breast cancer is very low. For example, In Malaysia, the National Cancer Registry reported 56 news cases of male breast cancer in 2002 ; About 1% of cases occur in men (around 300 per year in the UK). For female, the percentage of Malaysian women get breast cancer is 30% in 2002 and 31% in 2003. What are the causes of breast cancer? A woman’s risk of getting breast cancer increases with age. More than 80% of cases occur in women over 50. If you have one close relative such as mother and sister with breast cancer, it will doubles up your risk of getting breast cancer. Most cancer patients may not have a family history of the cancer, nor any exposure to known environment trigger. Women who have received high-dose ionizing radiation to the chest have a relative risk of breast cancer. Besides that, taking alcohol such as more than one glass per day to an increased risk of breast cancer. Taking the contraceptive pill slightly increase the risk too. Taking hormone replacement therapy significantly increases your risk somewhat more, but the health benefits derived from hormone replacement are better overall. What are the symptoms of breast cancer? Early breast cancer can in some cases present a breast pain or a painful lump. Another reported symptom complex of breast cancer is Paget’s disease of the breast. This syndrome presents as eczematoid skin changes at the nipple, and is a late manifestation of an underlying breast cancer. In the simple ways, female should check for these main symptoms such as change in the size or shape of a breast, dimpling of the breast skin, the nipple becoming inverted and swelling or a lump in the armpit. If you found that you unfortunately get breast cancer, what should you do? Don’t forget breast cancer has many types of treatment! The main treatment of breast cancer is surgery. In the most cases, conservative surgery is used, which preserves the shape and the appearance of the breast. For very early breast cancer, only the lump and a small area of tissue around it is removed. For later stage breast cancer, much more tissue is removed but it is replaced with muscle to rebuild the breast. Since breast cancer cells usually spread first to the lymph node in the armpit, the surgeon will usually cut into it to check for any spread. The surgery may followed by a short course of radiotherapy or chemotherapy, depending on the type of tumour and how advanced it is. In the most cases, the patient will given a longer course of hormone therapy like tamoxifen which reduces the risk of the cancer recurring. The other treatments are radiation treatment and mammography. In conclusions, breast cancer is a common cancer and it is the second leading cancer killer in female. So, we must always protect ourselves from breast cancer. For me, I suggest that everyone with a family history of breast cancer should check themselves regularly. Thank you. Breast Cancer Breast Cancer in Women In this essay I will be discussing breast cancer, a very serious issue that affects thousands of women each year. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women and is the second leading cause of death in women ages 35 to 54. The majority of breast cancer cases are sporadic, meaning there is no family history of the disease. Only 5% to 10% of women with breast cancer have a family history. Although there is no known cure for breast cancer, by educating yourself about this disease it can help you in early detection.The first step in early detection is self breast exams. These exams should begin when a woman is 18 years old in order to learn what is normal and what is not in the breast. Other important steps in early detection are regular doctor’s exams and mammograms. A mammogram is the best way to detect breast cancer. A woman should have a mammogram when she is 40 years old and then one every two years until she is 50. Once a woman turn s 50 she should have a mammogram once a year because the chances of getting breast cancer greatly increases. In females, breasts are made up of lobules, ducts, and stoma.Lobules are milk producing glands, ducts are the milk passages that connect to the nipple, and stoma is the fatty tissue that surrounds the duct and lobules. Cancer develops when cells become abnormal and start growing out of control, forming a tumor. A tumor can be benign which means it can damage tissue but doesn’t spread to other parts of the body. On the other hand, malignant tumors spread to other parts of the body damaging and destroying healthy tissue. There are many different types of cancer. Ductal carcinoma in situ has the lowest mortality rate.It starts in the milk ducts and is treated before spreading to other breast tissue. This type of cancer is almost always curable. The most common type is called invasive ductal carcinoma. This cancer starts in the milk ducts of the breast, then it breaks thro ugh the duct and attacks the fatty part of the breast. This cancer accounts for up to 80% of all breast cancer. Another type is called invasive lobular carcinoma. This cancer begins in the lobules of the breast where the milk is produced, but it spreads to surrounding tissue or the rest of the body.This cancer accounts for 10% of invasive breast cancers. Signs and symptoms of breast cancer are a lump in the breast, a change in the skin such as abnormal redness or swelling, a change in the nipple, bloody discharge from the nipple and an enlarged lymph node under the arm. When recognizing these signs, it is critical to see a doctor so he/she can give you a breast exam, mammogram, or an ultrasound. Based on those tests results, your doctor may request that you have a biopsy done to obtain a sample of the breast tissue or mass.If the test finds evidence of breast cancer, the kind of treatment will depend upon the size and location of the disease. A treatment of the disease depends on th e type of tumor and how far it has spread in the lymph glands or other organs in the body. Treatment can be local or systemic. Local treatments such as surgery and radiation are used to remove, destroy or control the cancer cells in a specific area in the breast. Systemic treatments such as chemotherapy and hormone therapy are used to destroy or control cancer cells all over the body.Depending upon what the doctor finds, you may have to have one form of treatment or a combination of both. Another option is a mastectomy; where one or both breasts are removed. A mastectomy may be necessary if there is more than one lump in the breast, if the cancer is directly underneath the nipple, if the patient had a previous lumpectomy and the tissue around the cancer is abnormal or if the cancer is too large to remove from the breast to still look normal. Also, some patients that have a larger but operable breast cancer can use medicine.There’s a treatment call adjuvant that uses medicine to attack cancer cells including the ones that have spread. Using this treatment can kill these cells or prevent them from growing for many months and/or years with or without radiation. For many women breasts are a visual symbol of femininity, a focal point of sexuality, and a proud source of nurturing new life. Developing breast cancer can be traumatic not only for a woman’s health but for her self-esteem. That is why it is so important for women to be educated on the early detection signs in order to diagnose the cancer early and minimize any negative effects it may have. Breast Cancer Informative Speech Course Title: Public Speaking Course Code: COM 101 Title: Breast Cancer Presented by: Anna Kokkoni Reg. Number: K2005444 Do you know what is the link between Kylie Minogue, Sheryl Crow, Olivia Newton-John? Let me tell you a small story before I answer this question. My aunty Irene five years ago had a really bad pain in her right breast. Everybody use to tell her that it’s nothing. You don’t need to go to a specialist because from stress and nervous. One day she decide and went to the doctor just to be sure that its nothing. But she didn’t receive the answer that she was awaiting.The bad news came. ‘Mrs Irene you have breast cancer’. My aunty has the same as the three ladies mentioned above. I am here to talk you about breast cancer, the risk factors, the anatomy of women breast, self examination of breasts. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It happens when some cells of the breast lose control of multiplication and divide uncontrollably. These cells have the ability to break – Filtration some normal anatomic barriers to breast and disperse the rest of the body Each cancer so that breast cancer is due to a genetic abnormality in a cell.Although the cause is at a level of genes, only 5-10% of breast cancers are inherited from parents. The majority of breast cancers are due to some genetic damage that occurs during life. The risk of a woman developing breast cancer increases with age. So while until the age of 39 years, the risk is just 0. 5% in ages 40-59 years the risk reaches 4% (i. e. 1 in 25 women will develop breast cancer). From age 60 and older, the risk is high as 7% (approximately 1 in 15 women). Other risk factors for breast cancer are: Heredity – the daughters, sisters and mothers of women who developed breast cancer and particularly at a young age ( Breast Cancer Informative Speech Course Title: Public Speaking Course Code: COM 101 Title: Breast Cancer Presented by: Anna Kokkoni Reg. Number: K2005444 Do you know what is the link between Kylie Minogue, Sheryl Crow, Olivia Newton-John? Let me tell you a small story before I answer this question. My aunty Irene five years ago had a really bad pain in her right breast. Everybody use to tell her that it’s nothing. You don’t need to go to a specialist because from stress and nervous. One day she decide and went to the doctor just to be sure that its nothing. But she didn’t receive the answer that she was awaiting.The bad news came. ‘Mrs Irene you have breast cancer’. My aunty has the same as the three ladies mentioned above. I am here to talk you about breast cancer, the risk factors, the anatomy of women breast, self examination of breasts. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It happens when some cells of the breast lose control of multiplication and divide uncontrollably. These cells have the ability to break – Filtration some normal anatomic barriers to breast and disperse the rest of the body Each cancer so that breast cancer is due to a genetic abnormality in a cell.Although the cause is at a level of genes, only 5-10% of breast cancers are inherited from parents. The majority of breast cancers are due to some genetic damage that occurs during life. The risk of a woman developing breast cancer increases with age. So while until the age of 39 years, the risk is just 0. 5% in ages 40-59 years the risk reaches 4% (i. e. 1 in 25 women will develop breast cancer). From age 60 and older, the risk is high as 7% (approximately 1 in 15 women). Other risk factors for breast cancer are: Heredity – the daughters, sisters and mothers of women who developed breast cancer and particularly at a young age (